Diseases & conditions A-Z List
Diseases & Conditions A-Z List - «T»:
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Total protein
The total protein test is a rough measure of all the proteins found in the fluid portion of your blood. Specifically it looks at the total amount of two classes of proteins: albumin and globulin.
Proteins are important parts of all cells and tissues. For example, albumin helps prevent fluid from lea...
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Toxic megacolon
Toxic megacolon is a life-threatening complication of other intestinal conditions that causes rapid widening (dilation) of the large intestine within 1 to a few days.
Causes
Toxic megacolon occurs as a complication of inflammatory bowel disease, such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease...
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Toxic nodular goiter
Toxic nodular goiter involves an enlarged thyroid gland that contains a small rounded growth or growths called nodules. These nodules produce too much thyroid hormone.
Causes
Toxic nodular goiter arises from an existing simple goiter. It occurs most often in the elderly. Risk factors include being ...
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Toxic shock syndrome
Toxic shock syndrome is a severe disease that involves fever, shock, and problems with the function of several body organs.
Causes
Toxic shock syndrome is caused by a toxin produced by certain types of Staphylococcus bacteria. A similar syndrome, called toxic shock-like syndrome (TSLS), can be caus...
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Toxic synovitis
Toxic synovitis is a condition affecting children that causes hip pain and limping.
Causes
Toxic synovitis occurs in children before puberty begins. It is a type of arthritis of the hip. Its cause is not known, but boys are affected more often than girls (approximately 4 to 1).
Symptoms
Symptoms ma...
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Toxicology screen
A toxicology screen refers to various tests to determine the type and approximate amount of legal and illegal drugs a person has taken.
How the Test is Performed
Toxicology screening is most often done using a blood or urine sample. However, it may be done soon after swallowing the medication, usin...
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Toxins
Toxins are substances created by plants and animals that are poisonous to humans. Toxins also include medications that are helpful in therapeutic doses but poisonous when used in an excess amount. Most toxins that cause problems in humans are released by microorganisms such as bacteria.
Related topi...
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Toxoplasma test
The toxoplasma test looks for antibodies in the blood to a parasite called Toxoplasma gondii. The parasite causes an infection called toxoplasmosis, which can be dangerous to a developing fetus and persons with AIDs.
How the Test is Performed
Blood is drawn from a vein, usually from the inside of t...
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Toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasmosis is an infection due to the parasite Toxoplasma gondii.
Causes
Toxoplasmosis is found in humans worldwide, and in many species of animals and birds. Cats are the definitive host of the parasite.
Human infection may result from:
Blood transfusions or solid organ transplants
Carelessly ...
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Tracheal/bronchial rupture
Tracheal/bronchial rupture is a tear or break in the windpipe (trachea) or bronchial tubes, the major airways leading to the lungs. A tear can also occur in the tissue lining the windpipe.
Causes
The injury may be caused by:
Infections
Sores (ulcerations) due to foreign objects
Trauma, such as a g...
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Tracheitis
Tracheitis is a bacterial infection of the windpipe (trachea).
Causes
Bacterial tracheitis is most often caused by the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. It frequently follows a recent viral upper respiratory infection. It affects mostly young children, possibly because their small trachea is easily b...
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Tracheoesophageal fistula and esophageal atresia repair
Tracheoesophageal fistula and esophageal atresia repair is surgery to repair two birth defects in your esophagus and trachea. Your esophagus is the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. Your trachea, or windpipe, is the tube that carries air to the lungs.
These defects usually occur ...
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Tracheomalacia - acquired
Acquired tracheomalacia is a weakness and floppiness of the walls of the windpipe (trachea) that develops after birth.
See also: Congenital tracheomalacia
Causes
Acquired tracheomalacia is very uncommon. Rarely, babies, infants, and adults may develop the condition. It occurs when normal cartilage...
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Tracheomalacia - congenital
Congenital tracheomalacia is a weakness and floppiness of the walls of the windpipe (trachea), which is present at birth.
Causes
Tracheomalacia in a newborn occurs when the cartilage in the windpipe (trachea) has not developed properly. Instead of being rigid, the walls of the trachea are floppy. B...
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Tracheostomy
A tracheostomy is a surgical procedure to create an opening through the neck into the trachea (windpipe). A tube is usually placed through this opening to provide an airway and to remove secretions from the lungs. This tube is called a tracheostomy tube or trach tube.
Description
General anesthesia...
