Medical Dictionary Definitions A-Z List
Medical Dictionary Definitions A - Z - «M»:
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MSAFP (maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein)
MSAFP (maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein): The
presence of AFP, a plasma protein normally produced by the fetus, in
the mother's blood. The MSAFP serves as the basis for some
valuable tests.
AFP is manufactured principally in the
fetus's liver and, also, in the fetal gastrointestinal (GI) tract...
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MSBP
MSBP: Munchhausen syndrome by proxy....
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MSG
MSG: Monosodium glutamate, a sodium salt of the amino acid glutamic acid that enhances the flavor of certain foods. Originally isolated from seaweed, MSG is now made by fermenting corn, potatoes and rice. It does not enhance the four basic tastes (bitter, salty, sour, sweet) but it does enhance the ...
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MST
MST:: A multiple subpial transection (MST) is a procedure is used to help
control seizures that begin in areas of the
brain that cannot be
safely removed. The surgeon makes a series of shallow cuts (transections) in the
brain tissue. These cuts interrupt the movement of seizure
impulses but do...
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MSTN
MSTN: The gene for myostatin....
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MSUD
MSUD: Abbreviation for maple syrup urine disease....
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mtDNA
mtDNA: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is the DNA of the mitochondrion, a structure situated in the cytoplasm of the cell rather than in the nucleus (where all the other chromosomes are located).
All mtDNA is inherited from the mother. There are 2 to 10 copies of the mtDNA genome in each mitochondrion.
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MTX
MTX: Abbreviation for methotrexate....
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Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome
Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome: A
syndrome of unknown origin that mainly affects young children. It
causes fever, reddening of the eyes (conjunctivitis) and lips and
mucous
membranes of the mouth, ulcerative gum disease (gingivitis), swollen
glands in the neck (cervical lymphadenopathy), and...
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Mucolipidosis
Mucolipidosis: One of a group of inherited storage diseases in which both lipids and substances called mucopolysaccharides accumulate in the tissues of the body.
Four mucolipidosis have been identified:
Mucolipidosis I: due to deficiency of the enzyme muramidase. Mucolipidosis II: due to deficiency...
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Mucolipidosis I
Mucolipidosis I: A type of mucolipidosis (see below) characterized by deficiency of the enzyme neuraminidase (sialidase). There are two forms of the disease. One form is characterized by cherry red spots in the eyes, gradual loss of vision, progressive debilitating myoclonus (muscle spasms), and nor...
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Mucolipidosis III
Mucolipidosis III: A type of mucolipidosis characterized by deficiency of the enzyme N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase and features of Hurler syndrome but much slower progression. Also known as pseudo-Hurler polydystrophy.
The mucolipidoses are a group of storage diseases in which both lipid...
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Mucolipidosis IV
Mucolipidosis IV: A type of mucolipidosis due to mutation in the gene encoding mucolipin-1. Most patients have developmental delay and mental retardation, clouding of the cornea of the eye, and severe visual impairment.
The mucolipidoses are a group of storage diseases in which both lipids and su...
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Mucopolysaccharidosis
Mucopolysaccharidosis: One of a series of inherited metabolic disorders affecting a type of complex carbohydrate called a mucopolysaccharide that is deposited in body tissues because the person lacks the specific enzyme needed to metabolize it.
The deposition of mucopolysaccharide in tissues damag...
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Mucopolysaccharidosis type I
Mucopolysaccharidosis type I: Hurler syndrome, Scheie syndrome, and Hurler-Scheie syndrome. All three of these syndromes are due to varying degrees of deficiency of the enzyme alpha-L-iduronidase. See also:
Mucopolysaccharidosis....
